Hammer tup



Oct. 15, 1934.

H. BECHE HAMMER TUP Filed May 13, 1931 I Yr pairs. stares; PATENT j askew.

Patented Get. 16, 1934 1,977,420 Ham inn TUl Hans Beh, Huckeswagen, Germany Application May is, 1931,.Srial No. 537,053

In Germany June 2, i930 Steam and compressed, air hammers with a. hammertup in the form of a rod plunger piston, have been constructed with the upper part thereof, having a cup-like hollow section sliding along lthe sides of the striking cylinder of the hammer to act as a carrier for the compressive medium to actuate the downward movement of the tup. A hammer of such construction has its drawbacks; for example, when the tup is used for I rendering off-center blows against a forging, there is considerable bending stress exerted on the rod, thereby partially bending it, thus necessitating its removal and the interruption of the hammering operations. Furthermore, the plunger rod of the ltup being set in alignment with the sides of the cylinder of the hammer, it is apparent that the only part touching the sides of the cylinder is the carrier at the top of the plunger, whereas the piston rod itself is in axial alignment with the 'jcylinder and is not supported on the sides thereof by the cylinder wall. A piston rod of such construction, therefore, would become very easily bent when used for rendering off-center blows. Another form of tup heretofore used is one with la hollow space having at its upper part a cuplike hollow section having an outwardly and downwardly extending rim portion to provide a collar and having an opening in the bottom of the cup-like bottom section closed by means of a The outwardly and downwardly extending rim portion provides an annular surface for the return movement of the tup, the cup-like section receiving the motive fluid for the impacting movement of the tup. A construction of the kind referred to is fraught with many drawbacks; for example, due to the heavy concussions to which the hammer is subjected when exposed, the removable part inserted into the cup-dike hollow portion would soon become loose and This form also has other disadvantages.

According to my invention hollow hammer tups of steel may be made in a manner which is essentially more convenient and advantageous than had heretofore been possible by known "methods of construction.

According to my invention I propose to make the hammer tup from a hollow steel body which at its top is entirely solid with lateral rim portions extending therefrom, and having an interior tapering hollow portion, and its bottom provided with an undercover having an opening for the reception of a die or shaper.

Furthermore, the walls of the tup are progressively thickened toward the seat of the tup to 5M3 novel'- method of making homogeneous hammer tups and the tup itself has the advantage that it will no more be necessary to tightly close up the hollow body and in consequence thereof no welding will be necessary at any place which may eventually impair the mechanical strength of the hammer tup and the efficiency of the, hammer as a whole.

In the accompanying drawing I have represented an example of a hammer tup constructed according to my invention, Fig. 1 being a crosssection of the novel hammer tup during the first stage of making the same, and Fig. 2 a similar cross-section showing the completed hammer tup.

Referring to the drawing, the hollow hammer tup is formed from a full steel block into the preliminary shape or form shown in Figure 1 which is designated in the claim as a blank. The upper part or roof a of the tup is slightly raised at its central portion to form a curvate top a while the surrounding portion is drawn out flat to form a rim or depending collar d, providing a space e between the inner walls of the collar (1 and the outer wall 9 of the block. The space e is provided for the action thereon'of a motive fluid in the reciprocation of the tup in the cylinder of the hollow when in use. The hollow roughly formed tup as shown in Figure 1 is open at its under,

portion to provide a space 1 having tapering sides converging toward the open end. The walls g of the block taper so that the thickened portion is towards the bottom of the tup and merged with laterally extending rim collar b around the opening or recess of the chamber 1. The rim collar 1) or" the tup is forged or hammered out to form inwardly extending closing walls i to close the chamber f. This rim portion is forged so that it will be forced inwardly toward the hollow of the tup, and when this is completed, the interior walls 9 of the tup have a straight line contour as shown in Fig. 2. The lowermost part of the wall i is provided with a die seat 0 and with a dovetail serving as a guide for retaining a die. It will be noted that there is an opening h leading from the dovetail portion of the seat 0 into the chamber 7 to allow for any stresses which may tend to act adversely on the bottom portion 1). The wall g of the tup having its greatest thickness at the rim 1), is inwardly curved and materially strengthens the tup at the part against which greatest stress is exerted during the use of the hammer. The tup so formed has the inner hollow space extending through the length of the tup provided with tapering walls converging towards the bottom.

From the foregoing description taken in con nection with the drawing, it will be noted that the tup in the present invention consists of one homogeneous piece of metal in which the upper end is formed by hot crimping. Furthermore, the hollow tup because of its construction has a high modulus of section over its whole length, and its efiectiveness is greatly enhanced by the inner tapering of the walls. The tapering walls of the tup materially strengthen the tup at the point or the heaviest stress which is in the vicinity of the converging walls y to form the thickened end portion 2'. p

It is evident that the hammer tup of my invention is in one piece and has been forged from asingle steel body. It comprises a hollow'elon'g'at'e'd body with walls 9 adapted to move in} a subcaliber bore of the striking cylinder of a pneumatic or hydraulic hammer, having a cylindricalflange d integral with one end thereof provided with a lip depending from its' outer edge. the said lip and the outer edge of said flange forming a cylinder coaxial with the said elongated body and forming a piston head adapted to move in the bore of said striking cylinder.

I claim:

A hammer-tup for pneumatic and hydraulic hammers, comprising a hollow elongated body adapted to move in a sub-caliber bore of a striking cylinder of such a hammer, a cylindrical flange integral with one end thereof, a closure 

